Retargeting Human Facial Expression to Human-Like Robotic Face through Neural Network Surrogate-Based Optimization

Facial mimicry is crucial for human-like robots in human-robot interaction. The challenge is that the high diversity of facial expressions proposes difficulties in program- ming a robotic face to mimic human facial expressions using traditional methods. In this paper, we present a data-driven method to retarget human facial expressions to robotic faces without human effort. Our data collection is fully automatic, where only a robotic face and Apple ARKit are involved to sample actuator commands and record the resulting facial blendshape values. We trained a neural network that predicts blendshape values from commands, which is then used as a surrogate model to optimize command values to resemble given facial expressions. Experiments show that the proposed method has achieved lower error in terms of facial blendshape values than baselines. Moreover, the response time can be reduced to 0.2 seconds via TCP/IP through WiFi, offering great potential for real-time application. Our method is a novel framework for retargeting facial expressions to robotic faces, which can be incorporated into various human-robot interaction systems.