Research Analyzer
← Back ICRA 2026

PAPRLE (Plug-And-Play Robotic Limb Environment): A Modular Ecosystem for Robotic Limbs

Obin Kwon, Sankalp Yamsani, Noboru Myers, Sean Taylor, Jooyoung Hong, Kyungseo Park, Alex Alspach, Joohyung Kim

PDF

AI summary

Key figure (auto-extracted from paper)
PAPRLE enables seamless, plug-and-play teleoperation across any combination of input devices and robotic limbs, drastically simplifying scalable data collection for embodied AI.
Teleoperation Modular robotics Human-robot interaction Data collection Embodied AI Plug-and-play systems

Problem

Current teleoperation systems are typically rigid and designed for fixed device-robot pairings, limiting adaptability and hindering scalable data collection across diverse robotic configurations.

Approach

The authors introduce a modular, device-agnostic architecture featuring a pluggable kinesthetic puppeteer and a unified control pipeline that dynamically maps commands from diverse leaders to arbitrary follower robots in real time.

Key results

  • A pluggable, 3D-printed puppeteer with interchangeable mounting interfaces
  • A device-agnostic teleoperation pipeline supporting joint-space and task-space control
  • Bilateral force feedback across heterogeneous leader-follower configurations
  • Open-source hardware and software validated across diverse real-world setups

Why it matters

Provides a flexible, extensible platform that allows researchers to rapidly prototype, test, and collect scalable teleoperation data across any robot embodiment without hardware-specific re-engineering.

Abstract

We introduce PAPRLE (Plug-And-Play Robotic Limb Environment), a modular ecosystem that enables flexible placement and control of robotic limbs. With PAPRLE, a user can change the arrangement of the robotic limbs, and control them using a variety of input devices, including puppeteers, gaming controllers, and VR devices. This versatility supports a wide range of teleoperation scenarios and promotes adaptability to different task requirements. We also introduce a pluggable puppeteer device that can be easily mounted and adapted to match the target robot configurations. PAPRLE supports bilat- eral teleoperation through these puppeteer devices, agnostic to the type or configuration of the follower robot. The modular design of PAPRLE facilitates novel spatial arrangements of the limbs and enables scalable data collection, thereby advancing research in embodied AI and learning-based control. We validate PAPRLE in various real-world settings, demonstrating its versatility across diverse combinations of leader devices and follower robots. The system will be released as open source, including both hardware and software components, to support broader adoption and extension. Teleoperation, Data Collection, Human-Robot Interaction

Index terms

Telerobotics and Teleoperation Software-Hardware Integration for Robot Systems Multi-Robot Systems

Related papers